江西官山自然保护区瘿椒树群落特征及保护策略

对江西官山自然保护区的典型瘿椒树(Tapiscia sinensis)群落进行调查。结果表明：(1)群落共有维管植物54科78属104种；(2)群落中植物区系组成以北温带分布为主，泛热带分布次之，属于典型的中亚热带山地群落；(3)对立木层进行重要值分析显示，钩锥(Castanopsis tibetana)、瘿椒树、紫楠(Phoebe sheareri)和拟赤杨(Alniphyllum fortunei)是群落优势种；(4)径级与高度级分析显示，瘿椒树种群处于衰退阶段，但占据了顶层空间，具有竞争优势，整体状态稳定；(5) Raunkiaer频度关系为A＞B＞D＞C＞E，符合亚热带山地常绿阔叶林的分布规律；(6) α多样性分析显示，群落Simpson多样性指数0.88，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数3.65，Pielou均匀度0.73。本文调查的官山瘿椒树群落是官山地区少数的几个瘿椒树群落之一，群落多样性较高，具有重要的科研价值和实用价值，但瘿椒树种群整体处于衰退型，未来宜采用就地或迁地方式开展保护。

Characteristics of Tapiscia sinensis Community in Guanshan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi and Its Protection

The typical Tapiscia sinensis community in Guanshan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province was investigated and studied. The results are as follows. There are 104 species belonging to 78 genera and 54 families. The generic areal-types are mainly composed by North Temperate, followed by Pantropic, which demonstrates a typical mid-subtropical montane community. The analysis of the important value of the stumpage species shows that Castanopsis tibetana, T. sinensis, Phoebe sheareri and Alniphyllum fortunei are domiment species of the community. The analysis of diameter class and height class shows that T. sinensis population is in decline stage but basically stable and rather competitive as the result of its dominance at the top level. The Raunkiaer frequency grade of the community is A>B>D>C>E, which is consistent with subtropical montane evergreen broad leaved forest. Simpson diversity index D=0.88, Shannon-Wiener diversity index H=3.65, Pielou evenness EH=0.73. With relatively high community diversity, the community of T. sinensis investigated in this paper is one of the few T. sinensis communities in Guanshan area, which has important scientific research value and tangible value. However, the group of T. sinensis is in declining form, so it is advisable to protect it in situ or ex situ in the future.