贵州地方梨种质果实品质性状多样性分析

为探讨贵州地方梨(Pyrus spp.)资源的遗传多样性,对贵州34份梨典型资源的12个果实品质性状指标进行分析。结果表明:除可食率外,地方梨种质资源间的果实品质性状指标均存在极显著差异,表明贵州的梨种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分的累积贡献率可达到85.52%,表明各性状的贡献率较分散,累积贡献率增长不明显,同时也表明贵州梨资源果实的品质性状变异存在多向性。Q型聚类分析结果表明,海子梨-3和葫芦梨各自聚为一类,显示出它们果实品质上的独特性。这些为贵州梨种质资源的开发利用和品种选育奠定了基础。

Diversity of Fruit Quality of Local Pear Germplasm Resources in Guizhou

In order to understand the genetic diversity of local pear (Pyrus spp.) in Guizhou Province, thirtyfour germplasms were collected and their fruit qualities were observed for three years. Twelve indicators of fruit quality were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCP) and Q-type cluster methods. The results showed that there was significant difference among the 34 pear germplasms in all fruit quality traits except for edible rate, demonstrating that pear germplasm resources in Guizhou have abundant genetic diversity. The principal component analysis showed that the first five principal components accounted for 85.52%, respectively, indicating that the contribution rate of fruit quality characters scattered and cumulative contribution rate was not obvious, and at the same time showing that the variation of fruit qualities of pear resources have pleiotropy. Q-type cluster analysis showed that Haizi pear-3 and Hulu pear cluster each, which revealed their unique quality characteristics. These would laid foundation for development and utilization and variety selection of pear germplasm resources in Guizhou Province.