Crystal structures of the Rhodococcus proteasome with and without its pro-peptides: implications for the role of the pro-peptide in proteasome assembly |
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Authors: | Kwon Young Do Nagy István Adams Paul D Baumeister Wolfgang Jap Bing K |
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Institution: | Graduate Group in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. |
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Abstract: | To understand the role of the pro-peptide in proteasome assembly, we have determined structures of the Rhodococcus proteasome and a mutant form that prevents the autocatalytic removal of its pro-peptides. The structures reveal that the pro-peptide acts as an assembly-promoting factor by linking its own beta-subunit to two adjacent alpha-subunits, thereby providing a molecular explanation for the observed kinetics of proteasome assembly. The Rhodococcus proteasome has been found to have a substantially smaller contact region between alpha-subunits compared to those regions in the proteasomes of Thermoplasma, yeast, and mammalian cells, suggesting that a smaller contact area between alpha-subunits is likely the structural basis for the Rhodococcus alpha-subunits not assembling into alpha-rings when expressed alone. Analysis of all available beta-subunit structures shows that the contact area between beta-subunits within a beta-ring is not sufficient for beta-ring self-assembly without the additional contact provided by the alpha-ring. This appears to be a fail-safe mechanism ensuring that the active sites on the beta-subunits are activated only after proteasome assembly is complete. |
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Keywords: | proteasome assembly pro-peptide inter-subunit contacts assembly/activation Rhodococcus erythropolis |
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