基于熵权的珠江三角洲自然保护区综合评价

运用熵权法对珠江三角洲自然保护区进行了综合评价。结果表明:(1)48个样本的保护区中7个为高水平,30个为较高水平,10个为一般,1个较差。从总体水平上看,虽然具有一部分较高水平的保护区,但珠江三角洲的保护区建设水平存在明显的差异,深圳、中山、佛山等地亟待建立新的保护区加以补充;(2)保护区的综合水平与面积具有明显的相关关系,建立了综合水平与面积之间的回归模型,并进一步求出珠江三角洲生态类型自然保护区理论上的最适宜面积;(3)区域保护区综合水平的提高与最大面积指数正相关,区域可以通过建设面积相对较大的优质保护区成为区域生态增长极,通过物种的交流和环境影响拉动其它保护区的发展,但区域范围内保护区之间面积差异不能太大;(4)自然干扰对沿海及岛屿类型的保护区综合水平影响相对较大。

An entropy weight approach on the comprehensive evaluation of the Pearl River Delta Nature Reserve

Society's rapid economic development creates major challenges to the creation of nature reserves, especially in a region with high levels of ecosystem fragmentation. The reserves of the Pearl River Delta have different ecological functions and face different threats. At the same time, these nature reserves have different levels of protection and serve different purposes, such as the protection of local species and providing society with regionally protected areas. A comprehensive evaluation of nature reserves would lay a solid foundation for their management and for related policies and decision making. Three types of indicators were selected to facilitate acquiring comprehensive protection status for the nature reserves in Pearl River delta region: the size of the reserve, the level of threat from human activities, and the current level of management. An entropy method was used to make a comprehensive evaluation of the reserves. Each reserve was given a ranking from high to poor, based on a comprehensive look at all these factors. The results indicate: (1) Seven of a total 48 nature reserves studied ranked high. Thirty ranked moderately high, 10 are moderately well protected, and only one is poorly protected. In general, although some of the nature reserves were ranked high, obvious differences in their layout and design exist, especially those in the cities of Shenzhen, Zhongshan, and Foshan, where new nature reserves should be added. (2) Because the cities of Zhuhai and Huizhou have a relatively large number of nature reserves, these reserves have major differences. The design and geographic layout of nature reserves in Huizhou are relatively uniform, but in Zhuhai significant differences exist between them since some of the nature reserves are on oceanic islands. We conclude the protection level can be ranked as: Zhaoqing and Jiangmen > Shenzhen > Guangzhou and Huizhou > Foshan and Zhongshan > Zhuhai. (3) Current research in nature reserve protection focuses on determining the appropriate size for nature reserves. Governments departments administering these areas are attempting to solve this important problem. In theory, increasing the size of a nature reserve may benefit the reproduction, growth, and survival of the living creatures there, but increasing the size has a limit to its benefits, especially when human-caused pressures and management goals are considered. So the appropriate size of each area should be determined. Our research indicates the overall quality of these nature reserves is closely related to their physical size. We used a regression model to select the most suitable sizes for them. (4) Our results show an increase in the overall protection level of regional reserves is positively related to the geographic size of these areas. By constructing some high quality reserves with large geographic areas, the region can create core ecological reserves that preserve some ecological aspects of the original landscape. These reserves can also support the development of other reserves through an exchange of species and its influence on the local environment, but the size differences of these regional reserves should be small. The cooperation and coordination among nature reserves of various sizes, the level of protection each reserve provides, and species resources present should also be considered when designating a reserve. (5) The influence of natural disturbances on the comprehensive protection of reserves is larger in coastal areas or in man-made ecological islands than it is in other types of reserves.