HPV核酸检测标准物质研究进展

2018年全球癌症统计数据显示，我国宫颈癌发病率已高居世界第二位，且有发病年轻化的趋势，严重威胁着女性的身体健康。已有研究表明：高危型人类乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus，HPV)的感染与宫颈癌的发生密切相关。针对HPV的检测对于宫颈癌的预防和诊断具有重要的意义，目前常见的检测方法是基于PCR技术，对HPV的核酸进行定性和定量分析。然而在缺乏统一标准的情况下，难以保证测量结果准确可比。标准物质作为计量校准的有力工具，可以应用于测量过程的质量控制。讨论了针对HPV的常见检测方法与检测过程中的影响因素，分析了不同形式核酸标准物质和参考品的特点，以期为HPV核酸检测标准物质的研制和使用提供参考，以用于宫颈癌的科学诊断。

Research Progress of Reference Material for HPV Nucleic Acid Detection

According to the global cancer statistics in 2018, the incidence of cervical cancer in China has ranked the second in the world, and it tends to occur at a younger age, posing a serious threat to women health. Research has shown that the infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) closely relates to the occurrence of cervical cancer. Hence, the detection of HPV is of great significance for the prevention and diagnosis of cervical cancer. The popular detection methods work based on PCR technology, which make qualitative and quantitative analysis of HPV nucleic acid. However, in the absence of uniform standards, it is difficult to ensure accurate and comparable measurement results. Reference material acts as a powerful tool for measurement and calibration, which could be applied to quality control of measurement process. This paper discussed the common detection methods for HPV and the influencing factors in the detection procedure, then analyzed the characteristics of different forms of reference materials for nucleic acid detection. It was expected to provide clues for the research and usage of the reference materials in HPV nucleic acid detection, which would be helpful for the scientific diagnosis of cervical cancer.