纳米材料在农作物领域的应用及展望

近年来，纳米材料成为农业领域的一个研究热点，受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。纳米材料基于其尺寸小的特点，可以在穿透植物细胞壁后，通过内吞作用被细胞吸收，进而对植物生长产生影响。纳米材料被广泛应用于植物遗传转化、作物生长发育和植物健康等农作物领域，尤其在遗传转化领域，其可作为转化载体与基因编辑技术综合运用，对作物进行遗传改良。基于此，对纳米材料在植物体内的吸收、转运机制及其在农作物领域的应用进展进行了综述，重点探讨了纳米材料在植物遗传转化方面的研究进展，并对其在农作物领域亟待解决的问题和后续发展方向进行了展望，以期为拓宽纳米材料的应用领域提供参考。

Application and Prospective of Nanomaterials in Crop Research

In recent years, nano-materials have become a research hotspot in the field of agriculture, and have been gained much attention internationally. Nanomaterials, because of their small size, can be absorbed by cells through endocytosis after penetrating the cell walls, and then affect the growth of plants. Nanomaterials are widely used in the crop research fields such as plant genetic transformation, crop growth and health, especially in the field of genetic transformation, which can be used as a transformation vector and integrated with gene editing technology for genetic improvement of crops. Based on this, the absorption and transport mechanism of nanomaterials in plants and their application in crops were reviewed, with emphasis on the research progress of nanomaterials in plant genetic transformation. The remaining issues and the future development direction of nanomaterials in crops were prospected, in order to provide reference for broadening the application of nanomaterials.