DNA四面体纳米结构及其在生物技术领域的应用进展

DNA四面体纳米结构是一种通过精确巧妙的DNA序列设计，应用碱基互补配对的原则，由4条单链自动杂交结合而成的具有四面体形状的DNA三维纳米结构。其具有良好的生物相容性和优异的细胞膜通透性，同时制备较为简单且产率高、尺寸以及动态性均可调节，因而在微生物鉴定、医学诊断和生物传感器等领域得到了广泛的研究与应用。基于此，介绍了DNA四面体纳米结构及其功能化修饰，综述了DNA四面体纳米结构在生物技术领域的应用进展，以期为推动DNA四面体纳米结构的研究、拓宽其应用领域提供参考。

DNA Tetrahedral Nanostructure and its Application Progress in Biotechnology

DNA tetrahedral nanostructure is a kind of DNA three-dimensional nanostructure with tetrahedral shape, which is formed by precise and ingenious DNA sequence design, applying the principle of base complementary pairing and automatic hybridization of four single strands. It has good biocompatibility, excellent cell membrane permeability, simple preparation, high yield, adjustable size and dynamics, so it has been widely studied and applied in the fields of microbial identification, medical diagnosis and biosensors. Based on this, DNA tetrahedral nanostructures and their functional modification were introduced, and the application progress of DNA tetrahedral nanostructures in biotechnology was summarized, in order to provide reference for promoting the research of DNA tetrahedral nanostructures and broadening their application fields.