梵净山黔周林的结构和动态

(一)黔椆(Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana)林主要分布于梵净山上部回香坪以上，剪刀峡及三王殿一牛尾河一带。它是贵州省所特有的群落类型。对梵净山海拔较高地区的常绿阔叶林一一黔椆林的结构和动态的分析表明，黔椆处于一种稳定的状态中，并保持着一种相对稳定的种的组成和结构。大量的幼苗和强有力的根出条的更新方式，使黔椆在群落中保持其优势地位，从而使黔椆林成为这一地区的“顶极植物群落”。(二)黔椆在海拔1150米开始出现；在1400一1700米一带成为常绿、落叶阔叶混交林内常绿树中的优势种；在1800—2100米，黔椆优势群落成为“顶极植物群落”，以及黔椆林下存在着大量的、仅在山体上部才有分布的大箭竹，说明黔椆林是对于这一高度地带的天然生境长期适应的结果。(三)在黔椆林中的大箭竹周期性成批枯死，这可能有利于黔椆的更新，因为黔椆树苗只能生长在林冠间隙的竹杆中间。大箭竹在黔椆林中大量相继枯死，这对于树的更新十分重要。

The Structure and Dynamics of Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana Forest of the Fanjingshan Mountain

Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana forest distribute mainly at the top of Huixianping, Jiandaoxia and Sanwangdian-Niuwuihe of Fanjingshan. It is a characteristic vegetational type of Guizhou Province.Analysis of the structure and dynamics of evergreen Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana forest at high altitudes indicates that they are in a steady-state condition with relatively stable species-composition and structure. The dominance of Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana has been maintained by its vigerous regeneration which consists of a large number of seedlings and root suckers. The Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana forest can be considered the ’Climax’ of the higher altitudinal zones of this region.