汾河河漫滩草地种子植物多样性及其保护对策

汾河是山西最大的河流, 也是注入黄河的第二大支流, 全长695km, 河漫滩草地面积约770km²。河漫滩有维管植物614 种, 其中种子植物605 种, 隶属于69 科279 属。种子植物区系成分在属和种的水平上均以温带成分占绝对优势, 种的地理成分构成上中国特有分布比在属水平上显著的多, 既反映出植物区系具有的温带性质, 又反映出该植物区系组成的隐域性特点。Raunkiaer's 生活型组成依次为隐芽植物(51.07%) > 一年生植物(33.06%) > 地面芽植物(9.42%) > 高位芽植物(4.79%) > 地上芽植物(1.65%);Drude's 生活型以草本植物为主占总种数的92.56%。在水分生态类型中, 中生植物占总种数的70.52%, 水生植物和湿生植物占总种数的21.66%, 旱生植物占总种数的7.82%。按照不同的经济用途, 把植物资源的分为11 类。研究结果客观地反映了汾河河漫滩种子植物多样性的现状。并提出了保护河漫滩生物多样性和生态恢复的4 点建议。

DIVERSITY OF SEED PLANT AND THE CONSERVATION STRATEGIES IN FLOOD PLAIN GRASSLAND OF FEN RIVER

The Fen River rises in Guancen mountain within the boundaries of Ninwu county in the northwest of Shanxi province. It is the largest river in Shanxi province. It is 695 km long. The flood plain grassland covers about 770km 2. The floodplain of Fen River is rich in diversity of vascular plant, including 74 families, 284 genera, 614 species based on survey. Among them there are 605 species of seed plant, which belong 279 genera and 69 families. In composition of the floristic geographical elements of the genera and the species, the temperate elements take dominant position. On the composition of specific geographical element, endemic to China is most marked difference to the genera. This is reflected the temperate character of the flora as well as a zonal characteristic of the composition of the flora. The composition of Raunkiaer's life-from are arranged cryptophytes(51.07%)> therophytes(33.06%)> hemicryptophytes(9.42%)> phanerophytes(4.79%)> chamaephytes(1.65%).In composition of Drude's life-from, Perennial herb and annual herb take dominant position(92.56%).In composition of ecological types,there are Mesophytes (70.52%),Hydrophytes and hygrophyte(21.66%),Xerophytes(7.82%). Vascular plan in flood plain of the Fen River are divided into 11 groups according to their economic purposes. The result is objectively reflected status of seed plant diversity in flood plain of the Fen River. Furthermore,four strategies for conserving biodiversity in flood plain of the Fen River were suggested.