Investigation of the pharmaceutical and pharmacological equivalence of different Hawthorn extracts |
| |
| Authors: | W Vierling N Brand F Gaedcke KH Sensch E Schneider M Scholz |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Technischen Universität München, Germany;2. For the herbal drug and extract producers;3. Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Epidemiologie der Technischen Universität München, Germany;1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yang ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China;2. College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China;3. Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA01003, USA;4. College of Life Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi''an, Shaanxi, 710021, China;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;2. Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China;1. Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Balikesir University Medical Faculty, Balikesir, Turkey;2. Assistant Professor, Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Izmir, Turkey;3. Assistant Professor, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinic, Antalya, Turkey;4. Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Balikesir University Medical Faculty, Balikesir, Turkey;5. Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Balikesir University Medical Faculty, Balikesir, Turkey;1. Department of Orthopedics, Dumlupinar University Evliya Celebi Education and Research Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey;2. Department of Orthopedics, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey;3. Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey;4. Department of Histology, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey;5. Department of Biomechanics, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey |
| |
| Abstract: | Seven Hawthorn extracts were tested in isolated guinea pig aorta rings. The effect on noradrenaline- (10 microM) induced contraction was investigated. The extracts were prepared using ethanol (40 to 70% v/v), methanol (40 to 70% v/v), and water as the extraction solvents. The aqueous-alcoholic extracts displayed similar spectra of constituents. They were characterised by similar procyanidin, flavonoid, total vitexin and total phenols content and by similar TLC fingerprint chromatograms. The aqueous extract, however, showed a different fingerprint and a noticeably lower concentration of procyanidins, flavonoids and total phenols but a similar total vitexin content. All 7 extracts had a relaxant effect on the aorta precontracted by noradrenaline and led to relaxations to 44 until 29% of the initial values. The EC50 values of the aqueous-alcoholic extracts varied between 4.16 and 9.8 mg/l. The aqueous extract produced a similarly strong maximal relaxation as the other extracts, but the EC50, at 22.39 mg/l, was markedly higher. The results show that Hawthorn extracts with comparable quality profiles were obtained by using aqueous-alcoholic extraction solvents (40 to 70% ethanol or methanol). The extracts exerted comparable pharmacological effects. When using water as the extraction solvent, both, the spectrum of constituents and the pharmacological effect, deviated remarkably. It is thus possible to obtain bioequivalent extracts with comparable effect profiles by using 40 to 70% ethanol or methanol as the extraction solvent. |
| |
| Keywords: | Hawthorn extract Crataegus vascular smooth muscle vasodilation bioequivalence milrinone |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
