Thermophilic Hydrogen Production from Renewable Resources: Current Status and Future Perspectives |
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Authors: | Subramanian Mohan Raj Suvarna Talluri Lew P. Christopher |
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Affiliation: | 1. Center for Bioprocessing Research and Development, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, 57701, SD, USA 2. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, 57701, SD, USA
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Abstract: | Hydrogen (H2) is considered an alternative fuel of the future due to its high energy density and non-polluting nature. H2 energy provides many advantages over fossil fuels in that it is renewable, eco-friendly, and efficient. The global demand for H2 is increasing significantly; however, matching the supply of cost-competitive H2 to meet the current demand is a major technological barrier. H2 can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass and serve as a raw material for the synthesis of many industrially important chemicals. The use of thermophilic bacteria for biological production of H2 appears to be a promising alternative route to the current H2 production technologies. However, the carbon and H2 production metabolisms in most thermophilic bacteria have not yet been completely understood. This paper summarizes the recent research progress made toward understanding the carbon utilization for H2 production and developing gene manipulation techniques to enhance the H2 production capabilities in thermophilic bacteria. It reviews the current status, future directions and opportunities that thermophiles can offer to enable a cost-competitive and environmentally benign H2 production bioprocess. |
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