Effect of stress actions on some hematological and biochemical parameters of rat blood and on energetic intermolecular interactions in lipid extract under effect of light radiation

Comparative study has been carried out on effects of the three-day long starvation, running, and their combination on morphological parameters of rat blood, lipid metabolism, and activity of blood Na,K-ATPase. Different effects of these stress factors on the blood erythrocyte composition have been shown. Starvation is accompanied by the most pronounced release of stored erythrocytes into blood, which results in a significant decrease of both the total amount of reticulocytes and in the complete absence of reticulocytes of I stage of maturity (the youngest). The running on a treadmill led to a significant increase in the total amount of blood reticulocytes and to a multifold increase of immature reticulocytes (RC-1 and RC-2), which can indicate some stress of the bone marrow erythroid stem line. The curve of acid resistance of blood reticulocytes has shown the animals to experience the greatest stress at a combination of starvation and running. Starvation and running also produced different effects on blood lipid characteristics. The content of triacylglycerides (TAG) in blood rose by 40% at starvation and decreased by 30% at running, a similar tendency being found for the atherogeneity index. The fatty acid composition of blood phospholipids at running and its combination with starvation practically did not differ from control. A change of Na,K-ATPase activity, which is so typical for reactions of various kinds of stress sharply fell at starvation (by 22%), but increased at running (by 13%) and decreased markedly at combination of these actions. The absorption spectra of the whole blood lipid extracts of the rats subjected to various stress actions showed that organic substance with coupled bonds, which absorbs light within diapason of 360–620 nm, is extracted from the blood (at different amount depending on the kind of action). The absorption of light in diapason of 400–410 nm has been found to belong to the Soret band of ferroheme and ferriheme. The shift of Soret band indicates an electron transitions in the iron cation. By the change and disappearance of Soret band it is possible to judge about the processes occurring in the lipid extract. Disappearance of the Soret band from the lipid extract indicates formation in it of the steady radicals as a result of the ferriheme disintegration due to accumulation of energy in porphyrin, which does not seem to occur in the blood cell membranes. The iron atom in the ferriheme molecule is known to accept electron and to yield a part of energy, probably to porphyrin. Then ferroheme yields electron and becomes ferriheme with an excess of the energy in porphyrin. Hence, at admission of the next electron to the iron atom the porphyrin molecule is to get rid of the energy obtained earlier to prevent its disintegration. The heme is possible to be an accumulator and distributor of energy in tissue.