Evolution and diversification of mitochondrial protein import systems |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany;2. Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel |
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Abstract: | More than 95% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus, synthesised in the cytosol and imported into the organelle. The evolution of mitochondrial protein import systems was therefore a prerequisite for the conversion of the α-proteobacterial mitochondrial ancestor into an organelle. Here, I review that the origin of the mitochondrial outer membrane import receptors can best be understood by convergent evolution. Subsequently, I discuss an evolutionary scenario that was proposed to explain the diversification of the inner membrane carrier protein translocases between yeast and mammals. Finally, I illustrate a scenario that can explain how the two specialised inner membrane protein translocase complexes found in most eukaryotes were reduced to a single multifunctional one in trypanosomes. |
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