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Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 5 Diminishes Cardiac Inflammation and Protects the Heart from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors:Kazuto Nakamura  Soichi Sano  José J Fuster  Ryosuke Kikuchi  Ippei Shimizu  Kousei Ohshima  Yasufumi Katanasaka  Noriyuki Ouchi  Kenneth Walsh
Institution:From the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 and ;the §Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
Abstract:Wnt signaling has diverse actions in cardiovascular development and disease processes. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5) has been shown to function as an extracellular inhibitor of non-canonical Wnt signaling that is expressed at relatively high levels in white adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Sfrp5 in the heart under ischemic stress. Sfrp5 KO and WT mice were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Although Sfrp5-KO mice exhibited no detectable phenotype when compared with WT control at baseline, they displayed larger infarct sizes, enhanced cardiac myocyte apoptosis, and diminished cardiac function following I/R. The ischemic lesions of Sfrp5-KO mice had greater infiltration of Wnt5a-positive macrophages and greater inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression when compared with WT mice. In bone marrow-derived macrophages, Wnt5a promoted JNK activation and increased inflammatory gene expression, whereas treatment with Sfrp5 blocked these effects. These results indicate that Sfrp5 functions to antagonize inflammatory responses after I/R in the heart, possibly through a mechanism involving non-canonical Wnt5a/JNK signaling.
Keywords:c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)  macrophage  myocardial infarction  obesity  Wnt signaling  Sfrp5  Wnt5a
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