Effects of pretreatment with inducers of hepatic mixed function oxidases on DNA repair elicited by various compounds in hepatocytes from adult and neonatal rats |
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Authors: | Douglas Kornbrust Dennis Dietz |
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Institution: | (1) National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;(2) Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;(3) Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Department of Safety Assessment, W 44-1, 19486 West Point, PA |
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Abstract: | Studies were conducted to assess the effects of inducers of hepatic mixed function oxidases on DNA repair responses to 13 different genotoxic agents in hepatocytes from adult male mice. Phenobarbital pretreatment increased DNA repair elicited by diethylnitrosamine but had no effect on responses to the other compounds. Pretreatment with p,p -dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, 3-methylcholanthrene or -naphthoflavone induced the DNA repair responses to a variety of activation-dependent carcinogens. DNA repair responses to the direct-acting alkylating agents methyl methanesulfonate and N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were not increased by any of the pretreatments, which indicated that the pretreatment-related enhancement of responses to the other compounds was due to induction of their metabolic activation. Taken together, the findings suggest that Aroclor, or other pretreatments, may increase the sensitivity of the hepatocyte DNA repair assay for detecting the genotoxicity of certain compounds; however, the potential benefit may be limited due to specific features of the assay. In contrast, Aroclor pretreatment did not produce any enhancement of in vivo DNA repair elicited by dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, o-aminoazotoluene, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 3-methylcholanthrene or aflatoxin B1, and thus does not appear to be useful for improving the sensitivity of the in vivo/in vitro assay.Whereas the amount of DNA repair produced by dimethylnitrosamine was not increased by classical inducers of liver microsomal enzymes, pretreatment with pyrazole greatly augmented in vitro and in vivo DNA repair responses to dimethylnitrosamine; responses to diethylnitrosamine were increased to a lesser degree by pyrazole pretreatment. The effects of lactational exposure to enzyme inducing agents on DNA repair in neonatal hepatocytes was also investigated.Abbreviations 2-AAF
2-acetylaminofluorene
- 4-AB
4-aminobiphenyl
- 6-AC
6-aminochrysene
- AFB
aflatoxin B1
- ARO
Aroclor 1254
- o-AT
o-aminoazotoluene
- B(a)P
benzoa]pyrene
- B-NF
beta-naphthoflavone
- BZ
benzidine
- DDT
p,p -dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- DDE
p,p -dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
- DEN
diethylnitrosamine
- DMBA
7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene
- DMN
dimethylnitrosamine
- 3-MC
3-methylcholanthrene
- MMS
methyl methanesulfonate
- MNNG
N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- 2-NA
2-naphthylamine
- NNG
net nuclear grains
- PB
phenobarbital
- PYR
pyrazole |
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Keywords: | aromatic amines DNA repair enzyme inducers genotoxicity hepatocytes neonatal rats nitrosamines |
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