东北草原羊草种群结实特性与气候年变化的关系

Relationships Between the Fruit-bearing Characters of Leymus chinensis Population and Annual Climatic Variations in Natural Meadow in Northeast China

Leymus chinensis（Trin.）Tzvel. is a fine herbage, which is a perennial rhizome grass species with high potentiality of vegetative propagation. The quantitative characters of fruit-bearing and grain weight of the population were successively investigated in three fixed stands from 1983 to 1998，analyzing the relationship between these characters and the climatic factors in different growing and developing stages. Certain degree of correlations were found between the number of seeds and grain weight of the population and different time of sunshine, temperature and rainfall accumulation before and during the growing and developing stages. From vegetative to reproductive growth of the tiller, including flowering, pollination, fertilization, and ovule development and seed formation, lower accumulated temperature and longer day light during the early growth season promoted fruit-bearing of the population, and vice versa. From turning green to fruit-ripening stage, longer sunshine duration benefited while higher accumulated temperature inhibitted nutrient deposition in the grain. Furthermore rainfall was also good to nutrient collection in the grain from turning green to milky stage，not from milky stage to mature stage. Growth and development of the winter tillers would affect the flowering, fruit-bearing, as well as the quality and quantity of seed production in the following year. Therefore, the number of fruit-bearing and the grain weight of the population could be predicted by the length of sunshine duration from August to September of the previous year and amount of rainfall in May of the present year，but the quantitative variation that estimated by simple climatic factor model was only 29.27%-35.76%.