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Dimension anthropique de l'éruption du Mont Pinatubo, Philippines, entre 800 et 500 ans BP |
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| Authors: | Jean-Christophe Gaillard Francisco G Delfin Jr John A Larkin Emmanuel G Ramos Kelvin S Rodolfo Fernando P Siringan Jesse V Umbal |
| Institution: | a Laboratoire Territoires UMR 5194, Institut de Géographie Alpine, Université Joseph-Fourier Grenoble-1, 14bis, Avenue Marie-Reynoard, 38100 Grenoble, France b School of Policy, Planning and Development, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA c Archaeology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Ermita, Manila, Philippines d History Department, State University of New York at Buffalo, North Campus, Buffalo, New York 14260-4130, USA e Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines, Diliman Campus, Quezon City, Philippines 1101 f Manila Observatory, Ateneo de Manila University Campus, Loyola Heights, Quezon City, Philippines 1108 g National Institute of Geological Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman Campus, Quezon City, Philippines 1101 h Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA i BMP Environment and Community Care Inc., 12C PET Plans Tower, 444 EDSA Guadalupe, Makati City, Philippines |
| Abstract: | Before its worldwide famous awakening in 1991, Mt Pinatubo volcano erupted between 800 and 500 year BP. The impacts of this little known eruption are progressively coming to light with the discovery of archaeological sites and the study of oral and geographical records. Recent archaeological excavations have shown that pyroclastic flows and lahar onslaughts have probably led to the abandonment of major settlements on both sides of Mt. Pinatubo. The location of these archaeological sites and the toponyms on the east flanks of the volcano suggest a general redistribution of the population downstream toward lands reclaimed on the sea due to heavy lahar material deposition. These population movements did not occur on the west side of the mountain despite similar land reclamation. Such topographic and socio-demographic changes have deeply disturbed the economic environment since it is hypothesized that extensive trade with China and other foreign “countries” profited from the easy penetration of commercial vessels into the bays that would have been filled up by lahar deposits. Finally oral memory records, such as legends and epics, help define the ethnic groups that have suffered from the eruption (e.g. Aetas, Kapampangans and Sambals). Understanding what happened 500 years ago turns very useful to anticipate the consequences of future events. |
| Keywords: | Eruption volcanique Impact socio-é conomique Arché ologie Toponyme Mé moire orale Mt Pinatubo |
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