White clover living mulch increases the yield of silage corn via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization |
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Authors: | Shin Deguchi Yumi Shimazaki Sunao Uozumi Keitaro Tawaraya Hidenori Kawamoto Osamu Tanaka |
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Institution: | (1) National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, 4 Akahira, Shimo-kuriyagawa, Morioka 020-0198, Japan;(2) Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-cho, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan |
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Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of white clover living mulch on the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)
fungus colonization of corn roots and the yield of silage corn. The following seven treatments were setup in a field that
had been kept bare by rotary tillage from August 2003 to July 2004: two white clover living mulch treatments without phosphorus
(P) application, with the white clover shoots clipped and removed or allowed to lie in place before sowing corn; one no-tillage
treatment without P application; and four rotary tillage treatments with different P application rates. White clover was broadcasted
in the living mulch treatments in August 2004. In June 2005, the white clover shoots in the living mulch treatments were clipped.
After tilling the four rotary tillage treatments, corn was sown in all the treatments. The fallow period before sowing corn
was 0 month (living mulch treatments) and 22 months (no-tillage and rotary tillage treatments). At knee high stage, the AM
fungus colonization of the corn roots and the P concentrations of the corn shoots in both the living mulch treatments were
increased relative to those in the other treatments. The yield of corn tended to increase in the no-tillage and rotary tillage
treatments with an increase in the P application rate. On the other hand, the yields of corn in the living mulch treatments
without the P application were not significantly different from the maximum yield among the no-tillage and rotary tillage
treatments. These results suggested that the white clover living mulch increased the yield of corn by facilitating the AM
fungus colonization and improving the P nutrition of corn. |
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Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhiza Corn Yield Living mulch Phosphorus nutrition |
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