Indirect- and direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel,coal and wood burning-derived particulates and contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
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| Authors: | Xiao-Yang Yang Kazuhiko Igarashi Ning Tang Jin-Ming Lin Wei Wang Takayuki Kameda Akira Toriba Kazuichi Hayakawa |
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| Institution: | 1. Atmospheric Chemistry & Aerosol Division, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;2. Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;3. Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Particulates exhausted from two types of diesel engines (DEPs), burning-derived particulates from three types of coal (CBPs) and burning-derived particulates from three types of wood (WBPs) were separated into four fractions by silica-gel column chromatography using n-hexane, n-hexane–dichloromethane (3:1, v/v), dichloromethane and methanol, as the corresponding eluents. The indirect-acting mutagenicity of each fraction was assayed by the Ames test using the Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain with S9 mix and the direct-acting mutagenicity was assayed using the S. typhimurium TA98 strain without S9 mix. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) of each fraction were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both direct- and indirect-acting of mutagenicities were the highest in samples of DEPs. The contributions of PAHs in samples of WBPs and NPAHs in DEPs were the largest, respectively. |
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