Neuronal networks of nicotine addiction |
| |
| Authors: | Marcelo O. Ortells Hugo R. Arias |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Morón – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA;1. Department of Research, School of Medicine, Tampico, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Tampico, Mexico;2. School of Medicine, University of Veracruz, Minatitlán Campus, Mexico;3. Mexican Institute of Social Security, Southern Delegation of Veracruz, Mexico;4. Reynosa Aztlán Multidisciplinary Academic Unit, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Mexico;5. School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain;1. Normandie University, SMS EA3233, University of Rouen, rue Lucien Tesnière, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France;2. Sanofi R&D, Lead Generation and Compound Realization/Analytical Sciences/Solid State group, F-94400 Vitry sur Seine, France;3. Grup de Caracterització de Materials (GCM), Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;4. Caractérisation des Matériaux à Activité Thérapeutique (CAMMAT), Faculté de Pharmacie de l’Université Paris Descartes, F-75006 Paris, France;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | Nicotine is the main psychoactive substance present in tobacco, targeting neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The main effects of nicotine associated with smoking are nicotinic receptor activation, desensitization, and upregulation, with the subsequent modulation of the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive explanation of their roles that effectively makes clear how nicotine dependence might be established on those grounds. Receptor upregulation is an unusual effect for a drug of abuse, because theoretically this implies less need for drug consumption. Receptor upregulation and receptor desensitization are commonly viewed as opposite, homeostatic mechanisms. We here review the available information on smoking addiction, especially under a recently presented model of nicotine dependence. In this model both receptor upregulation and receptor desensitization are responsible for establishing a biochemical mechanism of nicotine dependence, which have an important role in starting and maintaining tobacco addiction. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
