湖北官庄坪遗址动物遗骸研究报告

长江三峡官庄坪遗址动物遗骸分属于新石器时代、东周时期和明代。新石器时代的重要动物遗骸包括大熊猫、大苏门羚、普氏野马等,其中大苏门羚是我国至今发现该种动物生存时代最晚的地点。官庄坪遗址明代动物骨骼中,有三峡地区引进型动物家黄牛。官庄坪遗址动物群的总体特征,反映三峡新石器时代以来具备高山—峡谷的立体气候自然景观。新石器时代至明代环境变化不大,峡谷以湿热、多林环境为主,峰顶区域则在气候、植被等自然环境方面有些改变。官庄坪遗址动物遗骸,反映三峡古居民对野生动物资源的依赖性较强。该遗址新石器时代墓葬中,存在随葬多种野生动物下颌骨的考古学文化现象,其中以大熊猫下颌骨作为随葬品,是世界范围内第一例。

The Animal's Remains from Guanzhuangping Site in Hubei

Animal's remains discovered at the Guanzhuangping site in theYangtze River Three Gorges area belong to the Neolithic, Eastern Zhou and Ming Dynasty periods. Significant Neolithic faunal remains include Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Capricornis sumatraensis kanjereus and Equus przewalskii. Among them Capricornis sumatraensis kanjereus is the latest record of this kind of animal in China, whereas Bos Taurus dated to the Ming Dynasty was introduced from other region. The general feature of the faunal remains from the Guanzhuangping site shows that there was a natural landscape with the high-mountain and valley climate from the Neolithic to the Ming Dynasty. The barranca is dominated by a damp and hot forest climate, while in the peak area, there is a rather natural environmental change in terms of climate and vegetation.Faunal remains from the site also indicate that ancient residents had a strong reliance on wild animal resources as shown by the quantity of associated buried wild animal jaws dating to the Neolithic. A mandible of Ailuropoda as part of a burial is first reported here.