Transition of nonharem male to harem male status in the short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx

The short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx is known to exhibit resource defence polygyny as its primary mating strategy. Tent construction by harem males to recruit females represents a heavy investment of time and effort, which is not done by nonharem males. The previously unobserved mode of harem formation by the solitary males was studied using mark-recapture and radio-telemetry. In our observation, the solitary males roosting near to harems started recruiting females by occupying the tent abandoned by the harems. This result suggests that the transition of nonharem male to harem male status possibly by a previously unobserved mode and the female recruitment is associated with resource (roost). It implies that the solitary males are actively involving in female recruitment and also presumably mating.