栗山天牛成虫羽化与温湿度的关系

栗山天牛Massicus raddei (Blessig)是危害我国东北辽东栎Quercus liaotungensis和蒙古栎Q.mongolicus天然林的重大害虫,生活周期长,3a发生1代,而且生活史整齐,在东北林区的辽宁、吉林和内蒙发育历期基本一致,因而绝大部分的成虫羽化时期出现在同一年份.为了有效防治栗山天牛,利用栗山天牛成虫具有趋光性这一特点,研究发明了诱集捕杀成虫的专用黑光灯,诱杀了大量的栗山天牛成虫,吉林省2008年共诱杀栗山天牛成虫达24.16t.根据每天晚上所诱到的栗山天牛的成虫数量(平均lkg栗山天牛成虫数量为430头,按此折合成重量kg统计),分析栗山天牛在成虫发生期其羽化数量与温湿度因子的关系.结果表明,栗山天牛成虫的羽化高峰期集中在7月下旬至8月上旬;成虫的羽化与林间气温呈显著的正相关关系,与相对湿度则呈显著负相关关系.研究对栗山天牛成虫的发生量与温湿度的关系进行了拟合.研究结果为我国东北林区栗山天牛成虫羽化年份预测预报成虫出现和发生期以及在成虫发生期开展防治提供了依据.

Relationship between adult emergence of Massicus raddei (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and temperature and relative humidity

The oak longhorn beetle, Massicus raddei (Blessig) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a severe wood borer for forests of Quercus liaotungensis and Q. mongolicus in northeastern China. It needed three years to complete a generation with its life history uniformly. It was interesting that the developing stage of the longhorn beetle was about the same in Liaoning, Jilin provinces and Inner Mongolia, and thus its adult emergence period was all in the same year every three years. For the control of this pest we invented a black light trap to attract and kill its adults based on their biological characteristics of phototropism. In 2008, 24.16 ton of the longhorn beetle adults were killed by the special black light trap in Jilin Province with 430 individual adults per kg. averagely. According to the numbers (used as weight (kg.)) of the longhorn beetle adults attracted per night by the special black light from July to August in 2008, the relationship between the adult emergence period and temperature and humidity were analyzed. It was indicated that the emergence peak was from last ten days of July to first ten days of August; the adult emergence showed positive correlation obviously with temperature but negative correlation with relative humidity in the forest stands then. The relationship between the quantity of the longhorn beetle emergence and temperature and relative humidity was fitted preliminarily. The research results provide basal data for predetermining and forecasting the longhorn beetle adult emergence starting and lasting time, as well as for control techniques carrying on.