New Ordovician ostracodes from Himalaya and their palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications

Silicified representatives of the ostracode orders Binodicopa, Palaeocopa and Podocopa have been recovered from the late Ordovician Pin Formation, Spiti, NW Himalaya area. Benthic binodicopes are distinctly more abundant than the palaeocope and podocope ostracodes. The binodicopes show biogeographical relations to Australia at the generic level, which supports the close palaeogeographic position of these continents. By contrast, the palaeocope and podocope taxa show close relations to Baltica and Bohemia even at the species level, which may suggest a pelagic or epipelagic mode of life since these regions are separated from each other by the broad and deep waters of Palaeotethys. New taxa are Vendona crassiplicata nov. sp., Glossomorphites himalayaensis nov. sp., Pilla pinensis nov. sp. and Pinpilla u-formis nov. gen. nov. sp.