不同施肥方案对芒果果实品质与土壤肥力的影响

以海南贵妃芒Mangifera indica ‘Guifei’为试材，在化肥、有机肥施用量上设置3个不同处理，研究不同施肥方案对芒果果实品质及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明，与单施化肥比较，T1和T2处理使果实可溶性固形物含量提高12.0%～22.1%，维生素C含量提高8.5%～28.5%，可滴定酸含量下降41.2%～42.4%，固酸比提高94.4%～107.5%；与对照相比，本研究中提供的施肥处理显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、电导率及pH值，提升土壤肥力。综合而言，T2处理(有机肥5 kg·株^-1 + 尿素385 g·株^-1 + 过磷酸钙350 g·株^-1 + 高钾复合肥700 g·株^-1)对改善果实品质和改良土壤肥力性状效果最佳。

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Quality of Mango Fruit and Soil Fertility

To elucidate the effects of different fertilization formula on quality of mango fruit and soil fertility, taking the cultivar ‘Guifei’ as materials, 3 fertilization treatments with different application rate of chemical fertilizer combining with organic manure were carried out. The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizer (CK), T1 and T2 increased total soluble solid by 12.0% to 22.1%, increased vitamin C by 8.5% to 28.5%, increased TSS-acid ratio by 94.4% to 107.5%, and reduced total titration acid by 41.2% to 42.4%. Meanwhile, two treatments increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, electrical conductivity, and increased the value of pH, soil fertility was improved significantly. The study suggested that T2 treatment(organic manure 5.0 kg + urea 385 g + calcium superphosphate 350 g + high potassium compound fertilizer 700 g per plant) was a rational management for fruit quality and soil fertility.