基于基因组数据解析大球盖菇交配型系统

大球盖菇Stropharia rugosoannulata是一种具有较强木质纤维素降解能力以及高营养的重要食用菌。此菌属于四极性异宗结合担子菌,但是交配型位点结构仍未被解析。本研究利用基因组数据通过生物信息学方法进行大球盖菇的A和B交配型位点解析,并与其他大型真菌进行比较。结果显示大球盖菇的A交配型位点包含了一对保守的HD1和HD2基因,位点上下游基因的共线性较高,与Galerina patagonica和砖红韧黑伞Hypholoma sublateritium相似度最高,A位点结构上也较为保守,在上下游具有保守的MIP、Sec61蛋白、甘氨酸脱氢酶和β侧翼蛋白。B位点包含5个信息素受体和3个信息素前体基因,与其他真菌相比较发现,B位点及上下游基因的共线性较差,表明在不同的真菌中B位点变异性较大。本研究所获得的结果将有助于诠释大球盖菇交配型位点结构,为今后的遗传育种提供了理论依据。

Analyses of mating systems in Stropharia rugosoannulata based on genomic data

Stropharia rugosoannulata is an important edible fungus rich in nutrition and displays high capacity of lignocellulose degradation. It is a heterothallic basidiomycete with a tetrapolar mating system. However, the structures of mating loci have not been characterized. In this study, mating type A and B loci were analyzed by bioinformatics based on genomic data. The results revealed that A locus was composed of conserved HD1 and HD2 genes and the synteny of several genes downstream and upstream of A loci was higher as compared with other fungi, including conserved MIP, Sec61 protein, glycine dehydrogenase and β-flanking protein. B locus consisted of 5 pheromone receptors and 3 pheromone precursor genes. Compared with other fungi, the synteny of B loci was poor, indicating that B loci were highly variable in different fungi. The results obtained would help us to uncover the mating locus structures of S. rugosoannulata, being helpful to genetic breeding of the fungus.