Ester synthesis in lipase-catalyzed reactions

This review discusses the myriad of reaction systems employed in ester production catalyzed by lipases. Enzyme behavior in reaction systems is a consequence of certain structural patterns typical of lipases. Water has a profound effect on the lipase behavior either directly by affecting the hydration of the enzyme or indirectly by changing the nature of the reaction media and/or enzyme support materials. The significance of water is further emphasized with the understanding of its role in various reaction media and support materials. In addition to water, the media and support material are seldom inert and often interact with other factors affecting the reaction. Several methods of water removal and their effectiveness in lipase-catalyzed reactions are discussed. There is a recent surge of interest in modifying lipase systems with surfactants as studies demonstrate the potential of the enhanced performance of surfactant-modified lipases.