Artificial diets determine fatty acid composition in edible Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) |
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Authors: | Karlmax Rutaro Geoffrey M Malinga Robert Opoke Vilma J Lehtovaara Francis Omujal Philip Nyeko Heikki Roininen Anu Valtonen |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland;2. Department of Biochemistry and Sports Science, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda;3. Department of Biology, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda;4. Department of Forestry, Biodiversity and Tourism, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda;5. Natural Chemotherapeutic Research Institute, Ministry of Health, P.O Box 4864, Kampala, Uganda |
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Abstract: | There are increasing interests in rearing edible insects in Africa, but information on how the feeds modify their fatty acids is largely lacking. In this work, the influence of artificial diets on the fatty acid contents and composition in the edible Ruspolia differens (Serville, 1838), in Uganda was assessed. R. differens was reared on the mixtures of six gradually diversified diets of two, three, four, six, eight and nine feeds. The diets were formulated from rice seed head, finger millet seed head, wheat bran, superfeed chicken egg booster, sorghum seed head, germinated finger millet, simsim cake, crushed dog biscuit pellet and shea butter. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared using direct transesterification method, and analysed using gas chromatography. The contents of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid differed significantly among the diets. The more diverse diets resulted in increased content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids. The n6:n3 ratio differed significantly among the diets and between the sexes, with R. differens fed on the four-feed diet having a higher n6:n3 ratio than those fed on other diets. Also, the fatty acid composition differed significantly among the diets, and diet diversification corresponded with the proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid. Overall, our results demonstrate that higher levels of essential fatty acids can be achieved by rearing R. differens on highly diversified diets. These findings are important in informing the design of future mass-rearing program for this edible insect. |
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Keywords: | Diet Edible insects Edible grasshopper Essential fatty acids Fatty acid content Nutritional composition Nsenene |
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