Cholesterol accumulation in prostate cancer: A classic observation from a modern perspective |
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Authors: | James Robert Krycer Andrew John Brown |
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Affiliation: | School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia |
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Abstract: | Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men in developed countries. Epidemiological studies have associated high blood-cholesterol levels with an increased risk of PCa, whilst cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins) reduce the risk of advanced PCa. Furthermore, normal prostate epithelial cells have an abnormally high cholesterol content, with cholesterol levels increasing further during progression to PCa. In this review, we explore why and how this occurs. |
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Keywords: | ADT, androgen deprivation therapy AR, androgen receptor ABCA1/G1, ATP-binding cassette transporter isoform A1/G1 CR-PCa, castration-resistant PCa BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia DHCR24, 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase FASN, fatty acid synthase HMGCR, HMG-CoA reductase LDL, low-density lipoprotein LDLR, LDL receptor LXR, liver X receptor PCa, prostate cancer RXR, retinoid X receptor SR-BI, scavenger receptor class B member I SREBP, sterol regulatory element-binding protein |
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