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Cholesterol accumulation in prostate cancer: A classic observation from a modern perspective
Authors:James Robert Krycer  Andrew John Brown
Affiliation:School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
Abstract:Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men in developed countries. Epidemiological studies have associated high blood-cholesterol levels with an increased risk of PCa, whilst cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins) reduce the risk of advanced PCa. Furthermore, normal prostate epithelial cells have an abnormally high cholesterol content, with cholesterol levels increasing further during progression to PCa. In this review, we explore why and how this occurs.
Keywords:ADT, androgen deprivation therapy   AR, androgen receptor   ABCA1/G1, ATP-binding cassette transporter isoform A1/G1   CR-PCa, castration-resistant PCa   BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia   DHCR24, 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase   FASN, fatty acid synthase   HMGCR, HMG-CoA reductase   LDL, low-density lipoprotein   LDLR, LDL receptor   LXR, liver X receptor   PCa, prostate cancer   RXR, retinoid X receptor   SR-BI, scavenger receptor class B member I   SREBP, sterol regulatory element-binding protein
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