Pelagic food web patterns: do they modulate virus and nanoflagellate effects on picoplankton during the phytoplankton spring bloom? |
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Authors: | Pascaline Ory Hans J Hartmann Florence Jude Christine Dupuy Yolanda Del Amo Philippe Catala Françoise Mornet Valérie Huet Benoit Jan Dorothée Vincent Benoit Sautour Hélène Montanié |
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Institution: | 1. Littoral, Environnement et SociétéS (LIENSS) Université de La Rochelle UMR 6250 CNRS‐ULR, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17042 La Rochelle Cedex, France.;2. Environnements et Paleoenvironnement Océaniques (EPOC) Université de Bordeaux 1 UMR 5805 CNRS, 2 rue du Professeur Jolyet, 33120 Arcachon, France.;3. Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls‐sur‐Mer UMR 7621 CNRS‐Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Avenue Fontaulé, 66650 Banyuls‐sur‐Mer, France.;4. UMS 3109 CNRS‐IFREMER Environnement Littoral Atlantique, Place du Séminaire, 17137 L'Houmeau, France.;5. Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Geosciences (LOG) Université du Littoral Coté d'Opale UMR CNRS 8187, 32 avenue Foch, 62930 Wimereux, France. |
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Abstract: | As agents of mortality, viruses and nanoflagellates impact on picoplankton populations. We examined the differences in interactions between these compartments in two French Atlantic bays. Microbes, considered here as central actors of the planktonic food web, were first monitored seasonally in Arcachon (2005) and Marennes‐Oléron (2006) bays. Their dynamics were evaluated to categorize trophic periods using the models of Legendre and Rassoulzadegan as a reference framework. Microbial interactions were then compared through 48 h batch culture experiments performed during the phytoplankton spring bloom, identified as herbivorous in Marennes and multivorous in Arcachon. Marennes was spatially homogeneous compared with Arcachon. The former was potentially more productive, featuring a large number of heterotrophic pathways, while autotrophic mechanisms dominated in Arcachon. A link was found between viruses and phytoplankton in Marennes, suggesting a role of virus in the regulation of autotroph biomass. Moreover, the virus–bacteria relation was weaker in Marennes, with a bacterial lysis potential of 2.6% compared with 39% in Arcachon. The batch experiments (based on size‐fractionation and viral enrichment) revealed different microbial interactions that corresponded to the spring‐bloom trophic interactions in each bay. In Arcachon, where there is a multivorous web, flagellate predation and viral lysis acted in an opposite way on picophytoplankton. When together they both reduced viral production. Conversely, in Marennes (herbivorous web), flagellates and viruses together increased viral production. Differences in the composition of the bacterial community composition explained the combined flagellate‐virus effects on viral production in the two bays. |
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