围填海景观格局演变及存量资源分析——以大连长兴岛附近海域为例

以大连市长兴岛附近海域为研究区域,收集1995年、2000年Landsat TM遥感影像及2005年、2010年、2016年高分辨率遥感影像,分析20年来研究区围填海的动态空间分布及景观格局变化特征,建立面向对象的围填海存量资源分类提取方法,并构建围填海存量资源指数,对长兴岛围填海存量资源状况进行分析,得出以下结论:(1)长兴岛附近海域围填海年动态变化在2010—2016年间幅度最大;长兴岛东南部为围填海动态变化的主要区域。(2)整个区域在监测期内表现出多种围填海小型斑块被整合,大型斑块积极向外扩展的发展态势,区域内景观表现出多样性和复杂性增加而优势度减小的趋势。(3)长兴岛附近海域围填海总体利用效率较低,填而未建区域面积最大,其次为围而未填区域及低效工业城镇用海类型,围填海存量资源总面积达到22008.5 hm~2。

Analysis of changes in landscape patterns and stock resources resulting from sea reclamation: A case study of the waters off Changxing Island

In this study, Landsat^TM remote-sensing images (1995 and 2000) and high-resolution remote-sensing images (2005, 2010, and 2016) were collected from waters off Changxing Island in Dalian to analyze the dynamic spatial distribution and landscape pattern change during sea reclamation in that area over the past 20 years. An object-oriented remote-sensing image classification and extraction method was developed to assess the stock resources resulting from sea reclamation. We obtained the following results:(1) The largest dynamic change period of sea reclamation was between 2010-2016, and changes were concentrated in the southeast of Changxing. (2) Small patches of various reclamation types were amalgamated, and large patches expanded. The diversity and complexity of landscape in this area showed an increase, but the dominance showed a decrease. (3) The use efficiency of sea reclamation was relatively low; the filled-but-unbuilt area was the largest of the stock resources, followed by those of the encircled-but-unfilled area and the inefficient industrial town. The total area of stock resources resulting from sea reclamation was 22008.5 hm².