抑郁症的成因及其新药治疗研究进展

抑郁症是一种发病率高、危害大的精神疾病,且发病的人群正在急剧增加。抑郁症的成因复杂,其病因机制尚不十分清楚。目前研究的病因主要包括神经递质受体异常、神经退化及内分泌、炎症细胞因子、表观遗传调节和大脑衍生神经营养因子等。随着新病因的揭开,抑郁症治疗的新药及其作用机理研究也取得了较大的进展。研发的新药主要包括:选择性5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)再摄取抑制剂、选择性NE再摄取抑制剂、肾上腺素能和特异性5-HT抗抑郁药、以及新药氯胺酮。本文就抑郁症发病的成因及主要的新药治疗策略进行了综述,为揭示抑郁症致病机制及其新药研发提供了理论依据。

Research Progress on the Causes of Depression and for Its New Drug Treatments

ABSTRACT: Depression is the frequent and harmful psychiatric disorder in the world, and the numbers of depressive patients are increasing with a rapid speed. The causes of depression are complex, the pathogenesis of which has not been clearly elucidated. Recent advances disclose that pathogenesis was mainly including dysfunction of neurotransmitter receptors, neurodegeneration and endocrine, inflammatory cytokine, epigenetic regulation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. With the improvement of new pathogenesis, re- searches on the drug-treatments and their mechanisms of the depression were developed, which were mainly focused on the antidepres- sants of serotonin/norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibitors, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, noradrenergic and specific serotoninergic antidepressants, and the new drug of ketamine. In this paper, the current pathogenesis, regulators of depression, as well as the new antidepressants and their treatments are summarized for further studies on the pathogenesis of depression, and its development of novel drugs to cure this disease.