去泛素化酶活性的调控

泛素化是一种非常重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰方式，在细胞生命活动的各个方面发挥作用。泛素化修饰是可逆的过程，去泛素化酶通过催化去除底物蛋白质上的泛素从而逆转该过程。去泛素化酶是一类数量众多的蛋白水解酶家族，近年来不断有新的去泛素化酶被发现和报道。鉴于其在细胞功能中的重要作用，去泛素化酶活性受到严格的调控。目前的研究表明，影响去泛素化酶活性的因素很多。本文主要从转录水平的调控、翻译后修饰、蛋白质定位和蛋白质相互作用等调控方式进行论述，以期为研究和利用去泛素化酶治疗疾病提供新思路。

Regulation of Deubiquitylating Enzymes

Ubiquitylation is a post translational modification that plays key roles in various biological processes. It is reversely catalyzed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which cleave ubiquitin from substrate proteins. DUBs constitute a diverse protein family that play critical roles in cellular functions. The activity of DUBs are tightly and intricately regulated by four major regulatory mechanisms: regulation of gene expression, post translational modifications, protein protein interaction and subcellular localization. Here we review the progresses in this field, and hope to provide strategies to target DUBs for therapeutic purposes.