微种植体支抗压低上颌磨牙的研究进展

在口腔科诊疗工作中经常会见到因下颌磨牙长期缺失导致对颌磨牙伸长的情况,这将直接导致对颌磨牙修复空间不足。这种病例需要通过压低伸长的上颌磨牙来获取足够的空间,以利于下颌磨牙的修复。另外,高角和开牙合病例要想获得良好的治疗效果也需要通过压低磨牙来进行垂直向控制,因此压低上颌磨牙成为临床工作的重要内容。压低上颌磨牙的方法除了牙合垫、高位牵引头帽、手术等之外,还有微种植体支抗,它又称为"绝对支抗"由钛或合金制成,分为自攻型和助攻型。由于创伤小,植入部位灵活,手术简单,压低磨牙效果显著,所以自临床应用以来得到大力推广。因此本文就微种植体支抗压低上颌磨牙的临床应用、压低效果评价、副作用及防治措施和生物力学研究等方面作一综述。

Research Progress on Maxillary Molar Intrusion with Mini-implant Anchorages

ABSTRACT: Due to the loss of mandibular molars for a long time, supraerupted maxillary molars are very common in oral therapy,the opposing teeth might have insufficient space to restore. The supraerupted molars need to be intruded to obtain enough repair space.And, patients with high angle and open bite also need intrude molars for vertical control to get a good treatment Thus, molar intrusion becomes to be the most important work. In addition to the occlusal pad, high pull headgear and operation, MIA (Mini-implant anchorage ) could be one of the most effective methods in intruding the molars. It is also called "absolute anchorage", which is made of titanium or titanium alloys, including self-drilling type and assist-drilling type. It is promoted vigorously since its application in clinic since It is less traumatic, more flexible, simple, and effective. Therefore, this review was to address the clinical application of maxillary molar intrusion with mini-implant anchorages, evaluation of intrusion effect, the negative effects, prevention and control measures and biomechanics research.