基于生态系统服务供需的城市群生态安全格局构建框架

近年来,生态系统服务供需失调引发了一系列问题,诸如城市热岛、生态用地流失、环境污染、生物多样性减少等生态风险问题,已成为威胁生态安全、制约社会经济可持续发展的重要因素,因此维持生态系统服务供需平衡是生态安全健康发展的保障和关键。梳理了生态系统服务评价、生态安全格局构建的研究现状,指出了存在的不足,同时构建了基于生态系统服务的城市群生态安全格局基本框架,并提出了生态安全格局未来的研究重点:城市群区域和城市内部生态系统服务的多尺度综合评价、城市功能区的划分及对生态安全的胁迫作用、生态过程与生态系统服务与生态安全的耦合、基于生态系统服务流的生态安全格局构建、模拟和优化。通过耦合社会经济数据、卫星遥感数据、城市地图大数据,评价城市内部和外部不同尺度的生态系统服务,保障城市群生态系统服务流畅通传输,实现城市群生态安全格局评价和优化。

A theoretical research framework for ecological security pattern construction based on ecosystem services supply and demand

In recent years, the imbalance and disorder of supply and demand of ecosystem services is causing a series of problems in the ecological environment, such as the intensifying urban heat island effect and environmental pollution, loss of ecological land, and the aggravation of ecological risk and so on, and becoming important factors threatening eco-security and restricting the sustainable development of social economy. So, maintaining the balance between supply and demand of the ecosystem services and constructing a healthy eco-security pattern are the guarantee and key to the healthy development of eco-security. In this study, we reviewed the research status of ecosystem service evaluation and eco-security pattern construction, analyzed the existing deficiencies, established the basic framework for an eco-security model for urban agglomeration based on ecosystem services, and then proposed the future research focus of ecological security pattern, which included the multi-scale comprehensive assessment of urban agglomeration area and urban internal ecosystem services, the division of urban functional areas and its stress on eco-security, the interconnection of ecological processes, ecosystem services and ecological security, the construction, simulation and optimization of ecological security pattern based on ecosystem service flow. By coupling socio-economic data, satellite remote sensing data sets, and big data from urban online maps, the ecosystem services at different scales of inner city and outer city would be evaluated, the smooth transmission of ecosystem services of urban agglomeration would be guaranteed, and ultimately the assessment and optimization of the ecological security pattern of urban agglomeration would be realized.