硫巯基化：一种新的蛋白质翻译后修饰

随着对硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide，H2S）生理效应的研究，蛋白质硫巯基化（S-sulfhydration）修饰已进入人们的视野。已知依赖于H2S的蛋白质硫巯基化是继磷酸化（phosphorylation）、泛素化（ubiquitylation）、乙酰化（acetylation）和S-亚硝基化（S-nitrosylation）等之后的一种新的蛋白质翻译后修饰方式。对动物的研究表明，蛋白质硫巯基化修饰通过影响蛋白质活性和功能，从而在细胞内信号通路中发挥重要的调控作用。最近的研究结果提示，硫巯基化修饰还参与调节植物新陈代谢和形态建成。本文阐述了依赖于H2S的蛋白质硫巯基化的作用机制、检测方法和生理功能，并提出硫巯基化修饰也可能参与植物细胞信号转导的观点。

S-sulfhydration: A New Post-Translational Modification of Proteins

With the advances in research on physiological functions of H₂S, protein S-sulfhydration has emerged as a new mechanism for H₂S to exert its effects. Similar to phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, acetylation and S-nitrosylation, H₂S-dependent S-sulfhydration is another new post-translational modification. Research in animals revealed that protein S-sulfhydration plays significant roles in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways through the modification of protein activity and function. Recently, research in plants implied that S-sulfhydration was involved in the regulation of plant metabolism and morphogenesis. This review focuses on mechanisms, detection methods, biological and physiological functions of H₂S-dependent S-sulfhydration. Finally, we propose that S-sulfhydration may be involved in cell signaling transduction pathways in plants.