雄性不育在作物杂种优势中的应用途径分析

雄性不育是植物雄性细胞或生殖器官丧失生理机能的现象,该现象的利用大大提高了杂交种生产的效率。植物雄性不育包含细胞质雄性不育、不受环境影响的核雄性不育、光温敏型雄性不育及化学诱导的雄性不育。这些不育类型也已经被以三系或二系的方式应用于很多作物的杂交种生产中。综述了雄性不育各个途径的研究进展及其在作物杂种优势中的应用。

Application of Male Sterility in Crop Heterosis

Male sterility is a phenomenon in which the male gametophyte or reproductive organs lose their physiological functions, and the application of the male sterility significantly increased the efficiency of hybrid production. Because of the different mechanisms, male sterility can be classified into cytoplasmic male sterility, genetic male sterility unaffected by environmental conditions, photo/ thermo-sensitive sterility and chemical induced sterility, which have all been applied in the crop hybrid production by the “three lines” or “two lines” system. Here, the recent research advances of all these different pathways and its application in crop heterosis are reviewed.