蜘蛛毒腺形态解剖的初步研究

本研究对蜘蛛目中几个科的代表种的毒腺形态特征及其位置进行了解剖观察。并在测量其毒腺的形态度量参数与蜘蛛体长和体重的基础上，采用一元线性回归分析和相关性分析的统计学原理，分析了其毒腺的形态度量参数与蜘蛛体长和体重之间所存在的相关性，同时探讨了不同种类蜘蛛毒腺的解剖方法。结果表明：蜘蛛毒腺的位置和形态与蜘蛛的进化、生活方式和蛛体形态有一定关系，即低等及地下穴居种类(如虎纹捕鸟蛛Selenocosmia huwena等)的蜘蛛毒腺多前位(型)于螯基内；其余的多后位(型)于头胸部前段内。蜘蛛毒腺的重量与其体重之间为正相关，如大腹园蛛Araneus ventricosus的相关系数rAl＝0．9846(P＜0．01)，一元线性回归方程为:y^＝-0．0038 0．1829x；蜘蛛毒腺的长度与其头胸长之间为正相关，如穴居狼蛛Lycosa singoriensis的相关系数rc3＝0．9858(P＜0．01)，方程式为:y^＝-0．1641 0．5325x；蜘蛛毒腺的宽度与其头胸宽之间为负相关，如虎纹捕鸟蛛Selenocosmia huwena的相关系数rD3：＝-0．9704(P＜0．01)，方程式为：y^＝0．2498—0．0072x。

Preliminary Study of Morphological Dissection of Poison Gland of Spiders

This article analyses the correlation between the size of a spider's poison glands and its body length and weight, by observing the morphology and position of glands. It also discusses different dissection methods. The results show:In the more primitive spiders such as the Theraphosidae and Funnelweb types,the poison glands are situated entirely in the jaw.In most spiders the glands are located mostly in the thoyax .There is a positive correlation between the weight of the poison gland and the body weight of the spiders,for example, the correlation coefficient (r) of Araneus ventricosus is 0.9846(P<0.01) and the simple linear regressive equation is = -0.0038+ 0.1829x; The correlation between the length of the poison gland and the cephalothorax of spiders is also positive, for example, the correlation coefficient (r) of Lycosa singoriensis is rC2=0.9858(P<0.01),the equation is =-0.1641 +0.5325x; However the correlation between the width of the poison gland and the cephalothorax of the spiders is......