Bacterial Community Analyses of Two Red Sea Sponges |
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Authors: | Mona Radwan Amro Hanora Jindong Zan Naglaa M Mohamed Dina M Abo-Elmatty Soad H Abou-El-Ela Russell T Hill |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt;(2) Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt;(3) Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA; |
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Abstract: | Red Sea sponges offer potential as sources of novel drugs and bioactive compounds. Sponges harbor diverse and abundant prokaryotic
communities. The diversity of Egyptian sponge-associated bacterial communities has not yet been explored. Our study is the
first culture-based and culture-independent investigation of the total bacterial assemblages associated with two Red Sea Demosponges,
Hyrtios erectus and Amphimedon sp. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprint-based analysis revealed statistically different banding patterns
of the bacterial communities of the studied sponges with H. erectus having the greater diversity. 16S rRNA clone libraries of both sponges revealed diverse and complex bacterial assemblages
represented by ten phyla for H. erectus and five phyla for Amphimedon sp. The bacterial community associated with H. erectus was dominated by Deltaproteobacteria. Clones affiliated with Gammaproteobacteria were the major component of the clone library
of Amphimedon sp. About a third of the 16S rRNA gene sequences in these communities were derived from bacteria that are novel at least
at the species level. Although the overall bacterial communities were significantly different, some bacterial groups, including
members of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria, were found in both sponge species.
The culture-based component of this study targeted Actinobacteria and resulted in the isolation of 35 sponge-associated microbes.
The current study lays the groundwork for future studies of the role of these diverse microbes in the ecology, evolution,
and development of marine sponges. In addition, our work provides an excellent resource of several candidate bacteria for
production of novel pharmaceutically important compounds. |
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