Inflammatory microenvironment and human papillomavirus-induced carcinogenesis |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Center Borstel, Borstel;2. Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Großhansdorf;3. LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Großhansdorf, Germany;1. Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy;2. Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofalo”, Trieste, Italy;1. Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | More than 15% of the global cancer burden is attributable to infectious agents. Pathogens that cause persistent infections are strongly associated with cancer, inflammation being a major component of the chronic infections as revealed by basic, clinical and epidemiological studies.Persistent infection and viral oncoproteins induce specific cellular pathways modifications that promote tumorigenesis. Deregulated and continuous immune response leads to severe tissue and systemic damage, impaired tumor surveillance and consequent carcinogenesis promotion by selecting for metastatic and therapeutically resistant tumor phenotypes.In this review, the role of inflammatory microenvironment in the HPV-induced carcinogenesis is addressed, with a specific focus on the involvement of the immune molecules and microRNAs as well as their delivery through the microvesicle cargo. |
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| Keywords: | Inflammation Papillomavirus Cytokines/Chemokines MicroRNAs Microvesicles |
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