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Chemokine regulation of neutrophil function in tumors

Affiliation:	1. Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy;2. Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy;3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy;1. Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;2. Immunology Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;3. Division of Cell Biology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and the NKI Robotics and Screening Center, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;5. Immunotherapy Laboratory, Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands;6. U-DANCE, Laboratory for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands;7. Department of Pediatrics, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands;8. Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany;9. Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;10. Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto-Heubner-Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany;11. Division of Translational Medicine, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar;12. Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy;13. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan;14. Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan;15. Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;16. Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;17. Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;1. Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy;1. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;2. Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;3. Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil;4. Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;5. Centro de Pesquisas em Medicina Tropical, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz–Rondônia, Porto Velho 76812-329, Brazil

Abstract:	The role of neutrophils in cancer and metastasis is still debated and controversial since they have been shown to be endowed with both pro- and antitumor functions. These contradictory results seem to be now explained by recent discoveries of tumor-associated neutrophils plasticity and multiple neutrophil subsets.Chemokines and chemokine receptors are known to tightly regulate the release of neutrophils from the bone marrow, their passage into circulation and transmigration into the tissues as well as tumor infiltration. It is emerging that chemokine receptors are differentially expressed by neutrophil subsets and they affect not only their recruitment but also their effector functions.Here we are resuming human and murine data suggesting that therapeutic modulation of neutrophil activity through the targeting of specific chemokines or chemokine receptors can improve their anti-tumoral properties.

Keywords:	Chemokines Neutrophils Inflammation Cancer
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