油菜油脂研究进展

油菜（Brassica napus）是世界范围内重要的油料作物，是植物油脂的第三大来源，其种植面积和总产量在油料作物中占有相当大的比例。我国油菜品种油脂含量普遍较国外低2—5个百分点，而油脂含量每增加1个百分点对产油量提高的贡献，相当于菜籽产量提高2．5个百分点。因此提高油菜油脂含量是解决油菜生产效益低的重要途径之一。本文综述了油菜油脂研究的状况，包括油脂积累的遗传学基础、油脂合成途径和调控、油脂含量的QTL定位及油脂含量与品质性状的遗传相关性，同时展望了油菜油脂研究前景，以期为油菜油脂含量的品种改良提供科学指导。

Advances in Lipid Research of Rapeseed

Rapeseed is a main oil crop worldwide and has become the third most important source of plant oil. It accounts for a considerable proportion of the cultivated oleiferous plants, An estimated 1% of oil content increase in rapeseed is equivalent to a 2.5% increase in seed yield in terms of the contribution to oil yield. The oil content of rapeseed varieties developed in China is lower than that of varieties developed in industrial countries, by 2%-5%, on average. Thus, elevating the oil content in rapeseed has become a main objective in breeding new rapeseed varieties with high production efficiency. This article reviews the current status of lipid research into rapeseed, including the genetic basis of oil accumulation, the synthetic pathway of lipids, analysis of quantitative trait loci of oil content, genetic correlation between oil content and other important quality traits, and prospects for oil content research in rapeseed.