Abiotic factors modulate post-drought growth resilience of Scots pine plantations and rear-edge Scots pine and oak forests |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain;2. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50080, Zaragoza, Spain;3. Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Regional Ministry of the Environment and Land Management, Junta de Andalucía, C/Minerva 7, Edificio Zeus III, Granada, 18014, Spain;4. INIA, Forest Research Centre, Department of Silviculture and Forest Management, Crta. La Coruña km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain;1. CEF – Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;2. CFE – Centre for Functional Ecology – Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;3. Ecofield, Monitorizações, Estudos e Projetos, LDA, Carcavelos, Portugal;1. School of Environment and Life Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK;2. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK;3. Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;4. NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), UK;5. Halo Photonics, Leigh, Worcestershire, WR6 5LA, UK;1. Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;2. Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh;1. Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland;2. Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;3. Department of Forest Pathology, Faculty of Forestry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;4. Forest Genetics and Ecophysiology Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain;1. Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain;2. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50080, Zaragoza, Spain;3. INIA, Forest Research Centre, Department of Silviculture and Forest Management, Crta. La Coruña km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain;4. iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain;5. Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (MNCN,CSIC), Spain |
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| Abstract: | The proportion of planted forests in the Mediterranean Basin is one of the largest in the world. These plantations are dominated by pine species and present a series of characteristics such as low elevation, high competition or small tree size that make them more vulnerable to droughts. However, quantitative assessments of their post-drought growth resilience in accordance with species, site factors and tree characteristics are lacking. In this study we sampled 164 trees at four forest sites located in the drought-prone Sierra Nevada, southeastern Spain. We compared growth responsiveness to drought in rear-edge planted vs. relic natural Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and coexisting Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica) stands. Our objective was to characterize and compare the different growth responses to drought between species and sites and the effect of the main physiographic factors (altitude, aspect, and slope) on these responses since the influence of these factors on post-drought resistance and resilience has received little attention to date. Our results reveal that the planted pine sites with the lowest mean growth rates displayed greater resistance during drought, and that higher altitude was associated with improved resistance and/or resilience for all species and sites. Natural pine and Pyrenean oak stands were better adapted to the dry climatic conditions of the Mediterranean region where the study was undertaken, displaying greater resistance and/or resilience and lower influence of drought on growth in comparison to stands of planted pines. These results suggest that promoting the conservation of high-elevation pine plantations and enhancing the regeneration of natural pine and oak may improve the resistance and resilience of these drought-prone forest ecosystems. |
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| Keywords: | Resilience Resistance Recovery Dendroecology Sierra Nevada |
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