Dendrochronological assessment of British veteran sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) trees: Successful cross-matching,and cross-dating with British and French oak (Quercus) chronologies |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Environmental Change and Quaternary Research, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, UK;2. Tree-Ring Services, Mitcheldean, UK;3. Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Uxbridge, London, UK;4. K Russell Consulting Ltd, Leighton Bromswold, Huntingdon, UK;1. West Virginia University Department of Geology & Geography, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States;2. University of Tasmania School of Geography, Planning and Spatial Science, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia;3. Gondwana Tree-ring Laboratory, Christchurch, New Zealand;4. University of Arizona School of Geography, Development and Environment, Tucson, AZ, United States;1. Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia;2. Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;3. Ural Federal University, Ural Institute of Humanities, 51 Lenina St., 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia;4. Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS, 202/3 8-Marta St., 620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia;1. Dendrosciences, WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland;2. Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada;1. Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre RAS, 184209 Apatity, Russia;2. Polar Geophysical Institute RAS, 184209 Apatity, Russia;3. University of Science and Technology (AGH), 30-059 Krakow, Poland;4. Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007, Krakow, Poland;1. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología, Universidad Continental, Av. San Carlos 1980, Huancayo, Peru;2. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA, CONICET, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, Mendoza, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Across Britain and continental Europe there are many ancient Castanea sativa trees of great significance for natural and cultural heritage, yet scant assessment has been made of them for dendrochronological information. This paper describes the dendrochronological analysis of 28 Castanea sativa trees (veteran historic trees, forest trees and coppice stems) sampled from 15 sites in southern Britain: 56 growth-ring sequences were collected for analysis, by boring living trees and by cutting transverse sections from dead fallen trees and previously cut stumps. Twenty-three single-tree sequences from 14 sites were cross-matched (t ≥3.5) and then cross-dated with 17 oak Quercus reference chronologies from England and northern France: a Castanea sativa master chronology spanning AD 1660–2014 has been created. The results demonstrate the viability of dendrochronological analysis of Castanea sativa wood; and confirm that Castanea sativa can be cross-dated with oak Quercus reference chronologies, inter-regionally and inter-nationally. The findings provide the potential means for dating Castanea sativa timbers sampled from palaeoenvironmental and historical contexts. The extraction of sawn sections from long-dead (up to 60 years in this study) trees and stumps is proven to be a reliable method for dating veteran trees in cultural landscapes and ancient woodlands; and for revealing the growth history of historic/iconic trees. The germination dates calculated for the Castanea sativa trees in this study span the period AD 1640–1943. The inaccuracy of estimating veteran Castanea sativa tree ages from girth measurements is highlighted. |
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| Keywords: | Sweet chestnut Oak Dendrochronology Veteran trees Cultural landscapes |
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