Effect of climate on tree growth in the Pampa biome of Southeastern South America: First tree-ring chronologies from Uruguay |
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| Institution: | 1. CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, 60000 Uruguay;2. Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Dip. TeSAF, Legnaro, PD 35020, Italy;3. Centro Universitario de Rivera, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay;4. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay;5. Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile;1. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Laboratório de Botânica Estrutural, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22230-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, Outeiro de São João Batista, S/N, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil;1. Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Pr?honice, Czech Republic;2. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Brani?ovská 1760, 370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;3. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic;4. Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia;1. Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Ministry of Education), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China;2. College of Geography and Tourism, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China;3. Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 460 S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden;4. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland;5. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Rd4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand;6. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, China;7. Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;8. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd., Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia;2. School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, 538 Flinders St. West, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia;3. Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia;1. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Instituto de Conservación Biodiversidad y Territorio, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;2. Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Alimentarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;3. iuFOR-EiFAB, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Campus Duques de Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain;5. Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Punta Arenas, Chile;6. Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;1. Community Ecology, WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, a Ramél 18, CH-6593 Cadenazzo, Switzerland;2. ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Forest Ecology, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland;3. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091 Beijing, China;4. Forest Dynamics, WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;5. Dendrolab.ch, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;6. Climate Change Impacts and Risks in the Anthropocene (C-CIA), Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl Vogt 66, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;7. Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl Vogt 66, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;8. School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1020, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | Tree-ring research in the highland tropics and subtropics represents a major frontier for understanding climate-growth relationships. Nonetheless, there are many lowland regions – including the South American Pampa biome – with scarce tree ring data. We present the first two tree-ring chronologies for Scutia buxifolia in subtropical Southeastern South America (SESA), using 54 series from 29 trees in two sites in northern and southern Uruguay. We cross-dated annual rings and compared tree growth from 1950 to 2012 with regional climate variability, including rainfall, temperature and the Palmer Drought Severity Index – PDSI, the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Overall, ring width variability was highly responsive to climate signals linked to water availability. For example, tree growth was positively correlated with accumulated rainfall in the summer-fall prior to ring formation for both chronologies. Summer climate conditions were key for tree growth, as shown by a negative effect of hot summer temperatures and a positive correlation with PDSI in late austral summer. The El Niño phase in late spring/early summer favored an increase in rainfall and annual tree growth, while the La Niña phase was associated with less rainfall and reduced tree growth. Extratropical climate factors such as SAM had an equally relevant effect on tree growth, whereby the positive phase of SAM had a negative effect over radial growth. These findings demonstrate the potential for dendroclimatic research and climate reconstruction in a region with scarce tree-ring data. They also improve the understanding of how climate variability may affect woody growth in native forests – an extremely limited ecosystem in the Pampa biome. |
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| Keywords: | Dendroclimatology Subtropical dendrochronology Río de la Plata Basin |
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