中国北方地区的本底植被

根据现代地植物学和古生态研究结果．恢复、评估了我国北方地区的原生植被和潜在植被状况．并论述它们对生态建设的意义。潜在植被分布表明．温带或亚热带郁闭森林仅可以发育在北方的东南边缘地带，而东北中西部、华北平原大部、黄土高原东南部和青藏高原东缘等地区为郁闭度较低的疏林或森林草原可能发育地带。这些地区是北方农业发展和生态恢复的主要区域；东北西部、内蒙古东南部、陕北、宁夏东南部、陇东南和青海省东中部等地区．潜在地带植被当属温带草原．宜发展牧业．是目前退耕还草的重点区域。在全新世中期，东北地区东北部的原生植被为温带落叶阔叶林；东北的南部、河北东部、山东东部、淮河流域等地生长着暖温带落叶阔叶林；在黄土高原东南部、黄淮平原西部和青藏高原东部边缘等地区，原生森林面积比目前大得多．分别分布着以松属和落叶阔叶树占优势的稀疏森林和以云、冷杉占优势的山地寒温带森林．为这些地区勾勒了未来生态恢复所能达到的理想境界。根据原生植被分布．黄土高原西北部地区同样不适合发展林业．退耕以后所能够恢复的也只能是草，而不是林；再往西北．到了毛乌素沙地西北部及其我国西北内陆的广袤半荒漠、荒漠地带．原生地带植被中从未出现森林．在绝大多数情况下均不宜发展林业。

On baseline vegetation in Northern China

A few of concepts related to a baseline vegetation have been defined. Among them, potential vegetation is defined as the vegetation that would occur under the current climate condition without any disturbance from human activity, and original vegetation is defined as the vegetation that actually occurred prior to the significant interference from human activity. Both potential vegetation and original vegetation are classified into baseline vegetation. Potential vegetation distribution could be obtained by i...