Expression of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and type 5 in breast cancer and adjacent non-malignant tissue: a correlation to clinicopathological parameters

Estrogens play an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) type 2 and type 5 are involved in sex steroid metabolism. 17β-HSD type 2 converts estradiol to estrone while 17β-HSD type 5 converts androstenedione to testosterone. Using immunocytochemistry, we have studied the expression of 17β-HSD type 2 and type 5 in 50 specimens of breast carcinoma and adjacent non-malignant tissues. The results were correlated with the estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesterone receptor A (PRA) and B (PRB), androgen receptor and CDC47 and with the tumor stage, tumor size, nodal status and menopausal status. 17β-HSD type 2 was expressed in 20% and 17β-HSD type 5 in 56% of breast cancer specimens. In adjacent normal tissues, both enzymes were highly expressed in almost all the patients. No significant association could be found between the expression of 17β-HSD type 2 and 17β-HSD type 5 and between the expression of each enzyme and the clinicopathological parameters studied. The decrease in 17β-HSD type 2 and 17β-HSD type 5 expressions in breast cancer may play a predominant role in the development and/or progression of the cancer by modifying the intratumoral levels of estrogens and androgens.