红蓝石蒜和中国石蒜的种间杂交

<正> 一、引言 石蒜属Lycoris Herb.植物是园林绿化中的一类颇有开发前景的夏季球根花卉,不仅花色丰富多采,使盛夏少花季节的庭园景色面目一新,而且生长势强,既耐干、涝和贫瘠的土壤,又少病虫害。本文继换锦花L.sprengeri Comes ex Spreng,()×中国石蒜L.

INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN LYCORIS HAYWARDII AND L. CHINENSIS

The genus Lycoris Herb,is said to possess more than 20 species4],and most of them are confined to China.Members of the genus are favorable garden perennials,with large,showy flowers of various colors.Since 1979,the authors have been engaged in an cross-breeding project in order to raise new Lycoris hybrids and varieties to meet the needs of floriculture.TheThe genus Lycoris Herb,is said to possess more than 20 species4],and most of them are confined to China.Members of the genus are favorable garden perennials,with large,showy flowers of various colors.Since 1979,the authors have been engaged in an cross-breeding project in order to raise new Lycoris hybrids and varieties to meet the needs of floriculture.The present paper reports one of these results obtained through these experiments.In the summer of 1979,crosses of 40 flowers between the cultivated,fertile L.haywardii Caldvell(2n=22)and the naturally occurring,fertile L.chinensis Traub(2n=16)were carried out in Hangzhou Botanical Garden,and yielded 135 seeds in autumn.The seeds were then sown in flower pots in the next spring,but owing to bad managements,there have been only 21 F1 seedlings surviving.Two of the adult hybrids began to blossom in August of 1986,and the flowers showed a series of characteristics more or less intermediate between the two parents(see Table).But they could be readily distinguished from their parents by their straw-colored flowers flecked reddish along the middle or purplish at the tips of the tepalsegs.The somatic chromosome number of the hybrids is 2n=19,exactly half of the sum total of those of the parental species,and their karyotype is 2n=3V+16R(Fig.)The relatively low pollen fertility(20.9%)and germinability(0.9%)of the hybrids are probably due to the odd number of chromosome set and chromosomal incompatibility as well.The hybrid with flowers flecked reddish along the middle of the tepal segment looks very much like L.straminea Lindl.emend.Traub,that is cultivated in Hangzhou Botanical Garden.The two are also karyotypically identical(2n=19=3V+16R).The main difference is that the stamens of L.straminea are usually longer and ex-serted from the perigone,while those of the hybrid are more or less equal to the peri-gone.But according to Inariyama5] and TakemuraC7],the somatic chromosome number of L.straminea is 2n=16=6V+10R.We find it difficult to make any comments on this problem at present.present paper reports one of these results obtained through these experiments.In the summer of 1979,crosses of 40 flowers between the cultivated,fertile L.haywardii Caldvell(2n=22)and the naturally occurring,fertile L.chinensis Traub(2n=16)were carried out in Hangzhou Botanical Garden,and yielded 135 seeds in autumn.The seeds were then sown in flower pots in the next spring,but owing to bad managements,there have been only 21 F1 seedlings surviving.Two of the adult hybrids began to blossom in August of 1986,and the flowers showed a series of characteristics more or less intermediate between the two parents(see Table).But they could be readily distinguished from their parents by their straw-colored flowers flecked reddish along the middle or purplish at the tips of the tepalsegs.The somatic chromosome number of the hybrids is 2n=19,exactly half of the sum total of those of the parental species,and their karyotype is 2n=3V+16R(Fig.)The relatively low pollen fertility(20.9%)and germinability(0.9%)of the hybrids are probably due to the odd number of chromosome set and chromosomal incompatibility as well.The hybrid with flowers flecked reddish along the middle of the tepal segment looks very much like L.straminea Lindl.emend.Traub,that is cultivated in Hangzhou Botanical Garden.The two are also karyotypically identical(2n=19=3V+16R).The main difference is that the stamens of L.straminea are usually longer and ex-serted from the perigone,while those of the hybrid are more or less equal to the peri-gone.But according to Inariyama5] and TakemuraC7],the somatic chromosome number of L.straminea is 2n=16=6V+10R.We find it difficult to make any comments on thi