雷琼牛GH基因第五外显子遗传多样性及其分化

对16头雷琼牛GH基因第5外显子序列进行分析，发现了1个变异位点，定义了2种单倍型。引用巴州牦牛2个个体GH基因同源区序列并结合GenBank中牛属普通牛、其它瘤牛和牦牛3个种群与水牛1个远缘种GH基因同源区序列，分别采用邻接（NJ）法和最大简约（MP）法构建分子系统发育树，得到基本一致的拓扑结构，结果显示GH基因的分化早于雷琼牛（瘤牛）、其它瘤牛、普通牛、牦牛和水牛的分化，瘤牛物种内存在多型，同时证实了GH基因第5外显子区有着较高的突变率。

Genetic diversity and differentiation of Leiqiong cattle based on the fifth exon sequences of GH gene

One mutation and two different haplotypes were found when the fifth exon of GH gene sequences of 16 Leiqiong cattle were analyzed.Together with two homologous sequences of Bayingole yak and sequences of zebu(Bos indicus),Bos taurus and Bos grunniens and with the sequence of Bubalus bubalis as the outgroup,the fifth exon of GH gene sequences of 16 Leiqiong cattle were aligned and the base composition and nucleotide variation of GH gene were analyzed.The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the NJ method and the MP method respectively,both supporting almost the same topology.The results indicated that GH gene differentiation happened before Bubalus bubalis differentiated from Bos indicus,Bos taurus and Bos grunniens.Mutiple haplotypes existed in breeds among zebu,conforming that the fifth exon of GH gene variation rate was high.