我国淡水养殖鱼类育种的实践和思考

用于鱼类育种的传统方法 ,如引种驯化、选种和杂交 ,虽然有其自身的局限性 ,但都是行之有效的 .自本世纪 70年代以来兴起的生物工程技术 ,已应用于鱼类育种 ,如细胞工程中的雌核发育、多倍体形成和性别控制等方面都取得了较好的成效 .80年代以来 ,基因工程技术也已用之于鱼类育种的研究中 ,并取得了一些成效 .实践证明 ,基因工程育种离生产尚有一定距离 .根据当前的实际 ,鱼类育种仍然离不开传统方法 ,应该是细胞工程和传统方法相结合 ,或是细胞工程和基因工程相结合 ,或是传统方法、细胞工程和基因工程相结合的综合技术育种

The Practice and Idea of Hereditary Breeding of Chinese Freshwater Aquatic Fishes

Although the traditional methodsof fish breeding,such as docility ofinduced vari- eties,selective breeding and cross breeding,have their limitation,they are effective.Since 70 s,the biological engineering technique have be used in fish breeding.The cell engineering technique,such as genogenesis,polyploid formation and the control of sex,has produced a good result.Since 80 s,the gene engineering technilque isinvolved in the fish breeding,and it makes some progress.However,the practice proves thatthere is a distance forthe application of the gene engineering technique to the production. According to the present situation,the fish breeding can notabandon the tradition methods.We should combinethe cell engineering technique with the traditional methods or combine the cell engineering technique with the gene engineering technique,or combine traditional methods with the cell engineering tech- nique and the gene engineering technique.